We're approaching the end of 2009, and many people are wondering
what the future will bring. While no one can predict for sure what the Internet holds in its future, there are indicators and trends that can point us in the right direction.
A ton of technologies are ripe for further development in the coming few years. Social media and related apps are definitely going to be at the forefront of the Web for a long time. But plenty of other technologies are on the verge of becoming mainstream, either because of more social acceptance or because of advancements in hardware and applications. Read on for
15 predictions about the future of the Web.
1. Micro-Payments For Quality Content
Submitted on Twitter by @mikaelgramont and @simplybastow.
Some companies are already making strides in the micro-payment arena. Many current systems accumulate a big number of micro-payments before paying out a single larger payment. But that may change in the future; you'll be able to spend micro-payments as soon as you get them, rather than having to wait for them to add up.
Micro-payments will likely be popular among online magazines and news services, as well as other providers of in-depth content. Micro-payments might also be adopted by artists and content creators to defer costs and make a profit.
The most prevalent current micro-payment systems are within MMORPGs (massively multi-player online role-playing games). These systems use credits that are usually a fraction of a dollar to buy and sell things in the game. There are numerous cases of people actually earning a living through these systems.
PayPal is already offering support for micro-payments at a rate of 5% plus $0.05 per transaction.
Amazon is also experimenting with micro-payments through its Flexible Payments Service (FPS). Dedicated micro-payment systems are also starting to crop up.
Micro-payments of the future may be closely-related to mobile payment systems. Payment via cell phone opens up whole new area of economic opportunity, particularly in areas where cell phones are more prevalent than computers. Being able to make and receive very small payments, the equivalent of a dollar or less in many cases, via a mobile device paves the way for many in developing nations to participate in the Internet economy in a way that only a few years ago might not have been deemed possible.
Further Resources
iPhone, MySpace, Facebook Race to Micropayments in 2009
An article from TechCrunch about micro-payment options being worked on by some leaders in social media.
What Would Micropayments Do for Journalism? A Freakonomics Quorum
An article from the New York Times about the potential effects of micro-payments on journalism and news websites.
Can Micropayments Save Newspapers?
An article in the New York Times from The Opinionator about the potential of micro-payments to save newspapers.
The Case Against Micropayments
An article from O'Reilly Media on why micro-payments might not be the best idea.
2. Wider Monitors For More Horizontal-Scrolling Content
Submitted on Twitter by @wakeupstar.
Monitors keep getting bigger. Only a few years ago, the iMac came with a 15-inch monitor. Now the smallest one you can get is 21.5 inches (and the largest is 27). Most new PCs, even at the low-end, come with at least a 17-inch monitor, and in many cases 19 or 20 is standard.
Size aside, virtually every new monitor on the market is widescreen. This means that even average computer users have a lot more screen real estate available. It only makes sense that websites will adapt and make more use of horizontal scrolling in future than vertical, especially websites that have multiple small blocks of content, rather than long stretches of text.
Horizontally-scrolling websites are already becoming popular. Some use JavaScript or Flash to simulate a wide layout, while others use plain old HTML and CSS. In any case, a horizontal layout makes a lot more sense for certain kinds of sites, especially portfolios, media galleries and websites that rely more heavily on multimedia than text.
Further Resources
The Horizontal Way
A showcase of horizontal-scrolling website designs.
Fifteen Web Sites Using Horizontal Scrolling
A round-up of great horizontal designs from Sitepoint.
27 Inspirational Horizontal Scrolling Websites
Another great roundup of horizontal designs from Dzine Blog.
How to Create a Horizontally Scrolling Site
A brief tutorial from CSS-Tricks on creating a website with horizontal scrolling.
3. Magazines In A More Interactive Format (Wiki, Digital Video, Etc.)
Submitted on Twitter by @tomforeman.
There's some question as to whether the majority of print magazines will even be around in five years. Another magazine seems to close every week, often with little or no notice. And how can we be surprised? With mobile devices now fully capable of delivering great content while we're on the go, what niches do magazines serve? A magazine used to be a good cheap read that we could pick up to check out the latest trends in one field or another, or quick portable entertainment while we're on the go. But the mobile Web does all that and more.
Of course, that doesn't mean we won't have magazines in five years, just that the majority of them will be online, and they'll have a lot more than just text content. Magazines will be infinitely more interactive, incorporating wikis, video and audio content, and in many cases their own social networks. Some print magazines are already preparing for the change and have websites that could very easily stand on their own. And a whole new breed of online magazines is appearing in a variety of formats. Some hold on to the page-flipping print format (except digitally rendered), while others have broken free and are more blog-like. Whatever the format, they are providing faster, cheaper and more user-friendly content than their print counterparts. The trend is likely to continue as costs for everything but Web space go up.
Further Resources
Switch from Print to Web: Where to Start?
A guide to making the transition from print format to the Internet.
No Magazines Have to Die
An article that includes strategies for print magazines that are transitioning to digital.
Print and Digital - The Future of Magazine Advertising
A great article that covers the future of magazines from an advertising standpoint.
4. More Collaborative And Real-Time Content
Submitted on Twitter by @wakeupstar.
The Web has long been used by people to collaborate on projects with colleagues or clients who are not geographically close enough for a face-to-face meeting. But recently social media has made a whole new level of collaboration possible. Writing projects are particularly popular and seem to do well across a variety of platforms. Twitter novels and stories have been co-written (Neil Gaiman was recently involved in a
collaborative story project with BBC Audio Books and hundreds of Twitter users). Novels have been written entirely on Facebook, with input from readers on the work in progress (e.g.
The Man Who Painted Agnieszka's Shoes by Dan Holloway). Even textbooks have been written by collaboration (see
Wikibooks).
As broadband Internet becomes more widely available worldwide, collaborative projects will only get bigger and more frequent. Real-time updates and interaction make it possible to work on practically anything in a collaborative environment. Some projects will consist of small groups of people who already know each other, while other projects will bring together hundreds or even thousands of participants who were till then strangers. There's really no limit to how many people could participate.
Technology that allows collaboration has been around for years. File sharing has almost always been a part of the Web, though new tools make it easier and more efficient. Services such as
Zoho and
Google Docs allow writers to collaborate on a single document, tracking changes by each participant and allowing others to revert to earlier versions if necessary. Other services let users communicated in real time through video or audio chats in a collaborative workspace. Improvements to these technologies are likely to continue, and new technologies developed.
Collaborative Apps
The following are some collaborative apps that might indicate where online collaboration is headed.
Wridea is an "idea management" service that includes collaborative brainstorming tools.
Writeboard, from 37Signals, is a collaborative writing app.
Twiddla is a Web-based collaboration tool that lets users mark up pretty much anything online as well as work on a group whiteboard-like space.
Spicebird is a collaboration platform that includes instant messaging, a group calendar and email functionality.
Stixy is a collaboration space that lets you share photos, notes, documents, to-dos and more.
Edmodo is a collaboration tool for teachers and students.
5. More Semantic Content And Apps That Exploit Them
Theories and suggestions have been made for ages on how to make the Web more semantic: everything from creating artificial-intelligence apps that interpret data much like humans do, to more semantic tagging conventions that make it possible for current online apps and services to make sense of what code means to humans. So far, though, no one has even come up with an authoritative definition of what the semantic Web actually is. But even with the semantic waters as murky as they are, people are developing programs and services that work more intuitively and make it easier for average Internet users to find what they're looking for.
Microsoft's Bing search engine is one of the first truly mainstream apps that aims to help people find what they're looking for, even going so far as to help them make decisions. While there's still plenty of room for additional features and improvement of functionality, Bing has helped to bring semantic search options to the mainstream Internet user.
Semantic tagging and coding conventions are probably the most likely to gain serious traction in the next few years. Many Web designers are already using semantic labels in their code. This makes sense on several levels: it makes it easier for current and future Web apps to figure out what is being displayed on a page, and it makes it easier for designers and programmers to make changes to code without having to leave copious comments explaining what the different parts of the code do.
Further Resources
Semantic Code: What? Why? How?
An excellent article from Boagworld on the importance of semantic coding.
Semantic Web
Wikipedia's entry on the semantic Web.
The Semantic Web
An older article from Scientific American on the future of the semantic Web.
Semantic Web Road Map
The official road map from the W3C.
6. Augmented Reality In Mobile Web Applications
Given that most mobile devices now have built-in digital cameras (some with video capability), people would naturally now want functionality beyond simple photography. Augmented reality applications can have a range of potential benefits, from making it easier to find your way if you get lost to letting you identify the person sitting across from you at a party.
That last example has many security and privacy experts worried. Facial recognition software is improving all the time, and pretty soon using an augmented reality program on your mobile phone to find out who a person is might be possible. You'd just snap a picture of them, and the app would cross-reference it with social networking profiles and photos across the Web, eventually coming across a match. From there, you could see whatever information the person had chosen to make public about him or herself.
While many people still see augmented reality as the stuff of science fiction, the truth is that at least rudimentary apps are already available.
Layar, a free augmented reality app, is available for both the iPhone and Android-based phones. It uses layers provided by a variety of content providers such as Flickr, Wikipedia and Twitter to display an overlay of information on your mobile screen. Other apps will likely follow.
Further Resources
Augmented Reality
Wikipedia's entry on augmented reality.
How Augmented Reality Will Work
An overview from HowStuffWorks.
Layar Brings Augmented Reality to the iPhone
Coverage from TechCrunch on Layar's move to the iPhone.
Augmented Reality: A New Way of Seeing
An older article from Scientific American about augmented reality.
7. Better Adoption Of Web Standards
With more and more users accessing the Web from mobile browsers and browsers other than Internet Explorer, Web standards are only going to become more important. Standards-compliant design has already become much more mainstream and been adopted by many (if not most) designers. Great strides are being made across most browser platforms in complying with the standards set by the W3C. Standards-based design will have to be adopted in coming years.
8. Better Web Security Against Phishing, Scams and Spam
Image source
Web security is a constant concern for website providers. From scammers posing as legitimate buyers, to con artists sending out emails posing as legitimate businesses to capture customer information, to spammers sending out unsolicited commercial email, Internet users are bombarded daily by people who want to use their personal information against them.
Individual websites, Web hosts, payment processors and others involved in online transactions are constantly making security improvements. With greater consumer awareness of how to identify phishing schemes and other scams, the majority of these issues will no longer be a concern in the next few years. Of course, that isn't to say that other tactics won't replace them.
Further Resources
The Web Standards Project
A grassroots group that promotes the adoption and development of Web standards.
Confronting the Future of Web Standards
An article covering both the history and future of Web standards.
W3C Standards
The official Web standards section of w3.org.
Web Standards
Wikipedia's Web standards entry.
Web Standards Group
The W3C's Web Standards Group.
9. Even More Social Apps
Social media isn't going anywhere. While some people believe social media has gone about as far as it can go, others believe it's still in its infancy. I think there's still plenty of room for new apps, new platforms and new ideas in the world of social media. One area ripe for improvement and wider adoption is virtual worlds. Today's kids have been using virtual worlds since they were toddlers (think Webkinz and Club Penguin), so they'll likely want to continue using them as teenagers and adults. Plus, with advances in virtual reality on the verge of major breakthroughs, virtual worlds could come to the forefront of social media.
Another area ripe for expansion and improvement is content aggregation. While some services out there will aggregate a user's activity across multiple social networks and websites, most still have a lot of room for improvement. Eventually, services not only will aggregate a user's activity across all of the websites they participate in, but will also present that information usefully to their followers.
Niche social networks will also continue to grow. Social networks exist for practically every niche, and this will not go away. Services such as
Ning and platforms like
Elgg make it easy for non-programmers to set up their own social networks quickly and easily. Many corporations, organizations and groups are setting up social networks for their customers and members. While some have been great successes, attracting thousands of users, others have quickly died and been replaced either by other niche networks or by groups on mainstream general-purpose websites.
Further Resources
Elgg
An open-source social networking engine.
BuddyPress
A set of plug-ins that turns WordPress MU into a social network.
Lovd By Less
An open-source social networking platform.
Ning
Offers free hosted social networks.
OpenSocial
Google's OpenSocial social network applications platform.
The Social Future for Web 2.0/Web 3.0
A series of predictions on social technologies.
10. More High-Quality Online "TV" Programs
Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog can be credited with bringing quality online programming to the mainstream. While plenty of great Internet programs existed prior to that, Dr. Horrible quickly gained a cult following and made the transition to mainstream media. The fact that Joss Whedon, Neil Patrick Harris and Nathan Fillion were involved played no small part in the show's success, but it paved the way for lesser-known directors, actors, writers and producers to gain large online viewerships.
Since Dr. Horrible, a number of other online series and programs have gained wide viewership. Webisodes (which are usually mini-episodes of popular TV shows that are aired exclusively online) have also grown in popularity. While online fictional video is still in its infancy, several informative video blogs have been in production for a while, like
TreeHugger TV and
CNET TV. One of the more popular amateur fictional programs is
Star Trek New Voyages, based on the original Star Trek series.
With video technology becoming increasingly cheaper and easier to use, and broadband Internet access becoming more widespread, high-quality Internet-only programs will become only more prevalent in the future.
Further Resources
Jeff's Guide to "TV Shows Online Available on the Internet"
This website gives an alphabetical listing of online programming.
Hulu
Offers regular and online-only programming. Hulu is where Dr. Horrible was first aired.
13 Places to Watch TV Online for Free
A list of websites that offer free TV shows.
How to Create a Webisode
A tutorial from eHow.
Webisodes - The Future of Entertainment
A great overview of webisodes and how they got started.
11. Web Apps Play A Bigger Role In Daily Life
Submitted on Twitter by @dougoftheabaci.
Web applications already play a big role in the daily lives of many people. But as more apps become available online and traditional software moves to online-enhanced or online-only models (as some programs are already starting to do), more users will turn to Web applications almost exclusively.
One major factor driving this trend is broad mobile Web access. Being able to access important documents or perform tasks on business applications from anywhere is a huge advantage to many users. A lot of opportunities are opening up for mobile workers, who will no longer be tied to a single location, or even a single computer.
Of course, there are potential drawbacks to using Web apps exclusively. There have already been cases of Web apps or services crashing and losing customer data. Website downtime is another critical factor that can have a huge impact on productivity if offline backups aren't available. Until these hurdles are overcome, Web-based applications will continue to face resistance for critical functions.
Further Resources
Envisioning the Future of Web Apps
A video from CNET on the future of Web applications built on HTML 5 and micro-payments.
The Future of Web Apps: 7 Things Companies Must Do to Succeed
A post from Mashable on the steps that companies need to take to create useful Web applications.
Future Of Web Apps
The official page of the Future Of Web Apps (FOWA) conference from Carsonified.
12. Search Engine Optimization Will Be Less Important
Submitted on Twitter by @seokai.
Search engine optimization may become less important in the future as Internet users rely more on recommendations and social media to find information. Already, people are asking questions on Twitter and Facebook instead of Google. This means that high-quality content and usability will become ever more important, because users are more likely to recommend a website if they have found it easy to use and useful. Also, search engines themselves will be smarter, meaning they'll be able to better discern a Web page's usefulness to a particular user.
13. Your OS Will Be Online
Submitted on Twitter by @dahquium.
While your computer will still store some files, the future of the operating system will increasingly rely on Web-based files. In other words, without an Internet connection, your computer's functionality will be severely limited.
Google's
Chrome OS seems to be the first serious contender in this arena.
Jolicloud is another Web-based OS, developed specifically for netbooks. Both operating systems seem to be aiming specifically at netbooks, where their benefits would be most obvious. For regular laptops and desktop computers, expect the Web-based OS to take a bit longer, mainly because users tend to run more robust apps on them, like Photoshop and Dreamweaver, which will take a bit longer to make fully Web-based.
Further Resources
Web operating system
Wikipedia's page covering Web-based operating systems.
7 Interesting Web Operating System Applications
An overview of seven Web OS options.
eyeos
A "cloud computing operating system."
Cloudo
Another Web-based operating system.
14. Customized User Interfaces
Submitted on Twitter by @verseijden.
As Web apps become more integrated in our daily lives, customized user interfaces will surely follow. Being able to tailor the user experience to one's preferences is a huge plus for many Internet users. And some websites already let you make customizations to the information you see, how you see it and even how you interact with it.
Plug-ins are already being used by programmers to customize the interface of many websites they use regularly.
Greasemonkey for Firefox (and some other browsers) is one such plug-in that lets you customize the functionality and appearance of many Web apps and sites.
15. The Web Will Be The Center Of Information And Content Distribution
Submitted on Twitter by @cmachanic.
This, to a large extent, is already coming true. The Web has almost always been a major distribution point for information. But this will only grow in future. Publishers, media producers and other content creators are already turning to the Web to get their products out to a bigger audience. Within the next few years, the Web may fully replace more established methods of content delivery.
thinking dog by
andrea castelli shared under
Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) licence
Newspapers and magazines will likely be the first media replaced by the Web. Not far behind will be TV and movies. The movie theater probably won't be entirely replaced by the Web for a very long time, but more people will certainly be renting and buying movies online rather than on DVDs and other physical media.
Books are a different story; they have sentimental value. From a practical standpoint, e-paper (like that used in the Kindle and other e-readers) is not really much different than real paper. But from a psychological standpoint, the difference is too much for many book-lovers to overcome. If you prefer reading condensed versions of books, there are book rentals like Blinkist that offer this service with a wider range of options. Of course there are
Blinkist alternatives, however, that won't prevent the Internet from playing an ever-larger role in book distribution. Of course, that won't prevent the Internet from playing an ever-larger role in book distribution. The e-book market will continue to grow for the next few years, as younger readers opt for them over paper books. Paper versions of favorite titles might be purchased as collector's editions, with e-books purchased for daily reading material.
This migration to the Internet will profoundly affect how media is produced and consumed. Media will become more interactive and collaborative, and because of the lower barrier to entry, new players will participate in virtually every method of content production and distribution. The shake-up will affect much more than just the way information is disseminated.
Further Resources
Who Killed the Newspaper?
A slightly older article from The Economist on the decline of the newspaper industry.
Do Newspapers Have a Future?
Another older article on the decline of the newspaper industry, this one from Time magazine.
Are Magazines Doomed, Too?
A post from BuzzMachine about the future of magazine publishing.
The Future of Magazines, Possibly
Gawker's look at the future of the magazine industry.
The Future of Television
An article from Forbes on the future of TV.
Is the Future of TV on the Web?
An article from CNN about the future of television.
How Netflix is Changing the Future of Movies
A great post about how Netflix and similar Internet-based on-demand movie services are changing the way movies are being distributed.
Movies Online: The Future is (Almost) Here
A Salon.com article about the future of the movie industry in relation to online distribution.
Google & the Future of Books
An article about Google's foray into book publishing, from The New York Review of Books.
Crystal Kindles: What Does 2010 Hold in Store for the Literary World?
A more near-sighted look at what the future holds for the publishing world.
(al)
Dude. This blog site is awesome! How do you make it look like this !
Aw, this was a really quality post. In theory I’d like to write like this too – taking time and real effort to make a good article… but what can I say
One of the best article I have read about the Internet .
Thank you :)
Great post Cameron!
It’s fun to read over old posts and see how predictions like these played out. You hit the nail on the head with #9 – Even More Social Apps.
It seems that niche social networks are popping up everyday and with sites like Buddypress and Ning, it’s pretty easy these days. In fact you don’t need much web development experience to get something up in running in under a day…even minutes!
SocialEngine is another platform that helps people create great online communities about whatever interests them. Check them out at http://socialengine.com and see how they compare to a few of the others you mentioned.
Hope all is well Cameron.
-Drew
Community Manager, SocialEngine
Very good article. Well written with valuable insights. Have been following the topic of the web’s future, I think that all of the author’s points are valid and poignant. Aidee.